BIOL 336: EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
  1. What are the molecules of life and how are they synthesized?
  2. What are the subcellular components of eukaryotic cells?
  3. What are the functions of each organelle?
  4. What composes the plasma membrane; what characteristics does it possess?
  5. What features do prokaryotic cells have that differ from eukaryotes?
  6. Distinguish the different phases/characteristics of the cell life cycle?
  7. Distinguish the chemicals of life.
  8. What are the characteristics of the chemical bonds discussed in class (i.e. covalent bond; ionic bond etc.)?
  9. What is chemical equilibrium?
  10. Be able to calculate the concentration of a complex using Keq.
  11. Why is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation useful?
  12. Distinguish the direction a chemical reaction will proceed based on D G?
  13. What equation describes changes in free energy?
  14. What is the relationship between biological reactions and entropy and how is this related to exo/endothermic reactions?
  15. What parameters affect D G?
  16. What are the basic features of proteins?
  17. Distinguish the different levels of protein structure.
  18. What is the general structure of an amino acid?
  19. Distinguish hydrophillic and hydrophobic amino acids.
  20. What are motifs, be able to describe the different types.
  21. Distinguish molecular chaperones and chaperonins?
  22. What are the most common chemical modifications of proteins?
  23. What types of processing exist?
  24. What is the mechanism of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation?
  25. Know the components of the Michaelis-Menten equation; How is it useful; interpretation?
  26. What mechanisms exist that regulate protein function; know at least one example of each type?